Compressor or exhauster for air or other fluids.



G. H. SGOTT.

COMPRESSOR 0B EXHAUSTEB. FOR m 03 OTHER FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED EAR. 28, 1905.

Patented June'15, 1909.

Q8 WEE. 15 M M 7 0 m /fiw w g Q 73 i m UL A Wt-m1 case a orator CHARLES HERBERT SCOTT, OF GLOUCESTER, ENGLAND.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 15, 1909.

Application filed March 23, 1995. Serial No. 251,587.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES HERBERT SCOTT, a sub ect of the king of Great Britain and lrelanrl ,-and a resident of Gloucester,

the suction stroke;

England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressors or EX- hausters for Air or other Fluids, of which the following is a detailed description to enable others to understand and employ same.

My invention relates to compressors or exhausters of the nature of pumps, and the object of my invention is to provide an apparatus of this character having superior features of construction and operation to those hitherto known and used. Among these may be mentioned the elimination of practically all clearance or dead space in the pump mechanically operated suction valves, which are opened and closed only at the roper moments and held open duringthe whole of the construction, operation and control of the delivery valve to cause the same'to work eiiiciently and without chattering irrespective of the speed of the pum i Al of these features are of the greatest importance for compressors, exhausters, as wel as wet and dry pum s, as, employed in condensing p ants.

In the accomp anying drawings I have shown 1 two forms of'my invention in sectional elevation adapted respectively for dry and wet work, Figure 1 showing a compressor adapted for dry work with the crank shaft below the piston, while in Fig 2 this arrangement is reversed with the modification necessaryfor wet pumps. Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views showing the construction otrthe pitmanz or connecting rod, Fig. 3 being a side elevation of the rod andFig. 4 b'ei-ng'a transverse sectional view,both views being upon an en-- larged scale.

With reference to Fig. 1, i1 is the base plate or frame in which the crank shaft 1) is suitably supported and upon Which-the frames holding the cylinder d is properly secured. I prefer to arrange the cylindervertically so as to take an! advantage of the inertia of the valves, but it is obvious that ahorizontal position' or any other desired angle may be arranged for; The iston e is provided. with suitable packing an cored outso as to form preferably-a sgriesv (if-radially arranged ports fwhich through o ienings .g in the cylinder (5, are in constant communication with'the inlet channel or conduit '72 surrounding the cylinthe bolt in the strap a. I of the cam may be obtained by means. oi

for instance,-

der wall. The inlet valve which closes ofl' these piston ports f may consist of dished steel stamping'i extending over nearly the entire piston area and normally resting upon its seat on said piston. In its center this steel stamping i is secured to a spindle 7r sliding in a boring of the piston and held in its lower position by its own weight and by a spiral spring Z mounted on its lower projecting end and secured between a pair of adjustable nuts in and the piston body. This lower end of the spindle 7r terminates in a cam projection of preferably hardened material or an-antifriction roller (not shown) so as to cooperate with an adjustable cam surface it of the pitman or connecting rod 2) projecting above the gudgeon pin owhich is secured in the piston e.

The construction of the cam and pitman rod may be as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, cam n being formed on a strap it embracing the sides of thepitman or connecting rod p with a bolt a passing through the strap and pitman to secureihe parts together. Adjustability is secured. by provi ling a slot for Lateral adjustment liners 1) inserted between the strap nand the rod p. v

The exhaust channel g is formed by a continuation of the cylinder at and the inwardly projecting cylinder cover r. Owing to'the exhaust of the pressure medium being thus effected at the entire circumference of .the

cylinder this passage needs only to be very narrow and results therefore in a small lift of the exhaust valve 8 which is preferably also made in the form of a dished steel stamping closely fitting the form'of the inlet valve 1'. and resting with a narrow surface nearits outer-edgexupon a corresponding seat formedat the upperend of thecylinder wall. -The upwardly bent edges of this valve 8 are guided in. an annular groove 1 of the cylinder cover 1" which groove is of suiiicient depth to allow. the lifting of the valve and by the air confined in this soformed-annular pocket, cushions the operationof same' The tubular valve stem to slides in apocket o of the cover 1' and presses the valve upon its seat by means of spring to which may be adjusted by a screw 2.

The operation is as follows: The crank shalt Ii having driving connection with any suitable or convenient source of power (not shown) and being driven in the direction in dicated by the arrow (Fig. 1.), when the piston completes its uE-stroke the valve i will commence toopen y its own inertia. Im-

-mediately the cam n operates on the valve a stem is and positively acts to open the valve bygiving it a slight lift, which may be less thanthe full extent which the valve is free to go. The eamn is so arranged and timed as to insure the valve being open at the right time. It is held open by the cam for the full extent of the suction or down stroke when it closes in a similar waythe inertia of the valve, and the cam passing out, from under the valve stem insuring the closing of the valve at the moment the piston begins to reverse its direction. The cam is so construct- 7 ed and the angular position of the crank is such that the opening and closing of this valve is of so gentle a character that there is no dama e to the valve or seat and no chattering. t will be noted that the valve is open and kept open during the entire suction stroke. portance, particularly "Where the pumps are used in condensing plants where there is no pressure available to lift the valves.- The delivery valve opens automatically by the pressure in the cylinder. Mechanical open- 'mg is not feasible for this valve since the compressor may be required to work at different' ressures for different work and the time oi'opening would therefore have to be varied. Ihe valve is closed mechanically and its closing is controlled by the iston. At the end of the compression stroke t e iston valve comes into contactwith the de ivery valve. As the-piston commences its return movement it lowers the delivery valve 'ently and without shock on to its seat. 4U fiwing to the arrangement of the crank and pitman, the angularity of the latter, this movement is very slow, the result being that even at high speeds this valve works gently and withoutchatterin With reference'to the water or wet pump shown in Fi .2 ,d indicates the cylinder, e the piston which is cored out forming the radial ports f which are in constant communication with the suction or inlet channel it at the.

upper end' of the cylinder. The mechanically actuated inlel valve consists preferably of a dished plate 2' extending over the inner face of the piston e. The spindle is of said valve passes through the piston and holds the valve normally on its seat by means of a spring I confined between the piston body and a nut m secured to the upper end of spindle k, which is acted upon by a cam projection n of the connecting \rod 10'. 6O

7 at the lower end of the pump cylinder (1, is controlled by avaive 8 corresponding in form to the suction valve i and resting on a seat at the circumference of said cylinder. and sliding with its downwardly extending sides in *the This is a feature of great im- The exhaust or delivery channel q formedceases inwardly rojecting flange r of the cylinder cover a. l3etween the latter and the valveis a spring :0 tendingto close the valve and normally maintaining this position while open ings y in the downwardly projecting sides of va vs S allow the ressure in the delivery channel q to enter ehind said valve and to re ulate the lift of same, as these openings y will be more or less covered bythe inwardly projecting part of cover 1" on the o ening of valve 8. The operation isfpradtica ly the same as described with reference to the comressor construction. In both cases the deivery valve is opened by the pressure stroke of the piston e which at the end of its movement may bring the two valves in close contact and on its return allow the, delivery valve to quietly settle down on its seat, thus preventing any chattering of same or clearance space. a 35 It is evident that the length of the pitman rod may be adjusted by any suitable means to regulatethe stroke of the piston, while the adjustment of the cam surface 011 said connecting rod for operating the; piston valve regulates the positive lift of same. By'arranging two or more pumps or compressors {of such construction in series in order to compress in stages, an eiiicient compound system can be formed.

'Although I have shown dished valves and other details of my invention in the drawings as preferably to. be employed in carrying out a my invention I do not want to limit myself to such details which may be changed within the scope of the following claims and in accordance with the different requirements for.

machines of this kind.

Having thus described my invention, the

following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In amachine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston operating with practically no clearance or dead space therein, suction ports open to thello piston throughout itsstroke, ports in-the piston and a valve controllingithe same, aconnecting rod driving said piston and valve actuating meansifon said rod coming into engagement with the valve to open the same at the moment the piston reverses its stroke from compression to suction, and going out of engagement with the valve to permit the same to close at theimoment the iston reverses its. stroke from suctionto ischarge.

2. In a machine of the character described,

the combination of a cylinder, suction and delivery orts therein, a delivery valve. controlling t 1e delivery port, a piston working in said cylinder, ports and a'valve therefor 1.25 carried by the piston, a pitman driving said piston, and means acting positively on the piston valve to open the same at the limit of the compression stroke and cause said valve to contact gith the delivery valve inthe open 13 position of the latter, whereby the-closing of said delivery valve is controlled by the re "turn stroke of the piston.

3. In a machine of the characterdescribed, the combination of a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve mounted in said piston,

of said valve due to inertia, said means en gaging the valve to hold the same open throughout the suction stroke and disengaged from the said valve at the limit of the suction stroke to permit the valve to close by the independent movement thereof.

4. In a machine of the character described the combination of a delivery or discharge valve, an adjustable spring for closing the same, a piston in said cylinder, a pitman driving said piston, a valve mounted in the piston, and means engaging said valve at the limit of the compression stroke of the piston to open and move the same into contact with the delivery valve in the open position of the latter, whereby the closing of the delivery valve is controlled by the return stroke of the piston.

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston having ports therein, a valve carried by said piston and controlling said ports, a connect mg rod directly operating "said piston, and a cam surface on said connecting rod controlling the operation of said valve, substantially as described.

, 6. in a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston having radially arranged ports therein, a valve carried by said piston and controlling said radially arranged ports, a spring pressed valve spindle sliding in said piston, a connecting fed directly operating said piston, and a cam surface at the inner end of said connecting rod and actuating said valve spindle, substantially as described.

' 7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston having radially arranged ports therein, a valve carried by said piston and controlling the radially arranged ports, a spring pressed valve spindle sliding in said piston, and an adjustable connecting rod directly operating said piston, and an adjustable cam surface on the inner end of said connecting rod and actuating said valve spindle against its spring pressure, substantially as described.

8. In a machine of the character described,

the combination of a cylinder, a piston havwith said radially arranged ports, a connecting rod directly operating said piston, and a cam surface at the inner end of said connect ing rod and actuating said valve, substan tially as described.

. stantially as described.

10. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston having radially arranged ports therein, a valve carried by said piston and controlling said ports, a channel surrounding the wall of said cylinder and in constant communication with said ports, a spring pressed valve spindle sliding in said piston, an adjustableconnecting rod directly operating said piston, and an adjustable cam surface at the inner end of said connecting rod and actuating said valve s )indle against its spring pressure, substantially as described.

i]. In a machine of the character described, the combination .of a vertically ar ranged cylinder, a piston having arranged ports therein, a valve carried by said iston and controlling said ports, a channe surrounding the wall of said cylinder and in constant communication with said ports, a spring pressed valve spindle sliding in said piston, a connecting rod directly operating said )iston and adjustable so as to regulate the clearance, and a cam surface at the inner end of said connecting rod and actuating said valve spindle against its spring pressure said cam. surface being adjustable so as to pro erly time the operation of said valve, sullstantially as described.

12. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston having ports therein, a dished valve of a )proXimat-ely the diameter of said iston at the innerside of same and controling said ports, a valve s indie sliding in said piston and normally ho ding said dished valve upon its seat by suitable pressure, and positive means for operating said valve, substantially as described.

13. lna machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a pis ton having radially arranged ports therein, a

dished valve of approximately the diameter of said piston at the inner side of same and controlling said ports, a channel surrounding said cylinder and in constant communication with said ports, a valve spindle sliding in said piston, and a spring surroumling said spindle so asto normally press the dis ed valve upon its seat, a cam surface actuating said valve spindle, and a connecting rod operating's'aid cam surface, substantially as described.

' {14. In a machine of the character" described, the combination of a cylinder and cover therefor leaving a channel between a steel stamping of somewhat larger diameter than the cylinder and normally resting upon its seat at the end of the cylinder wall thereby closin said channel, said steel stamping having a ent-up outer edge, a groove in said cylinder cover guidin said, bent-up outer edge, a spring normal y pressing said steel stam ing upon its seat, and means'to regulate t e pressure of said spring, substantially as described.

15. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston working therein, a pitman driving said piston, a valve carried bythe piston, and a cam on the pitman arranged to engage the valve to open the same at the limit of the compression stroke and to pass out of engagement with the valve at the limit of the suction stroke. a v

16. In a device of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a piston in the same, a valve carried by the piston, a pitman connected with the piston for actuating the same, a cam for operating the iston valve, the action of said cam control ed by the change in the angular position of the-pitman at each end of the piston stroke.

I. BARRETT Coons, A. SLATER. 1 

